Kardan Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities

Aims and Scope

Kardan Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (KJSSH) is an open access, peer-reviewed and refereed journal published by Kardan University, Kabul, Afghanistan. The main objective of KJSSH is to provide an intellectual platform for the researchers from the national and the international horizons to present their intellectual depth before the world. KJSSH aims to promote interdisciplinary studies in humanities and social science and become the leading journal in humanities and social science in the world.

The journal publishes research papers in the fields of humanities and social science such as anthropology, corporate governance, criminology, cross-cultural studies, demography, development studies, economics, education, ethics, geography, history, industrial relations, information science, international relations, law, international relations, philosophy, political science, population studies, psychology, public administration, sociology, social welfare, religious studies, women studies and so on.

KJSSH publishes original papers, review papers, conceptual framework, analytical and simulation models, case studies, empirical research, technical notes, and book reviews. Special Issues devoted to important topics in humanities and social science will occasionally be published.

Editorial Board

Chief Editor

Dr. Nassir Ul Haq Wani

Kardan University, Kabul, Afghanistan

Advisory Editorial Board

Submission Guidelines

1. Manuscripts and all editorial correspondence should be submitted at: kjssh@kardan.edu.af addressing the ‘Chief Editor’ or ‘Managing Editor’, Kardan Journal of Social Science and Humanities.

Declaration of conflicting interests
KJSSH encourages authors to include a declaration of any conflicting interests and recommends you review the good practice guidelines.

Publication ethics
KJSSH is committed to upholding the integrity of the academic record. We encourage authors to refer to the Committee on International Standards for Authors and view the Publication Ethics page.

2. Articles should be written in MS Word, Times New Roman font, and should be submitted only in soft copy. Manuscripts should normally not exceed 7,000 words and should be submitted in duplicate with the cover page bearing only the title of the article, author/s’ names, designations, official addresses, phone/fax numbers, and email addresses. Author/s’ name should not appear on any other page. Commentaries on contemporary issues should not exceed 3000 words.
3. All articles must be accompanied by an abstract of 150–200 words and 4–6 keywords.
4. The JEL classification code for the articles should be included after Keywords.
5. Use British spellings in all cases rather than American spellings (hence, ‘programme’ not ‘program’, ‘labour’ not ‘labor’, and ‘centre’ and not ‘center’).
6. Use ‘z’ spellings instead of ‘s’ spellings. This means that words ending with ‘-ise’, ‘isation’, etc., will be spelt with ‘z’ (e.g., ‘recognize’, ‘organize’, ‘civilize’).
7. Use single quotes throughout. Double quotes only to be used within single quotes. Spellings of words in quotations should not be changed.
8. Quotations of 45 words or more should be separated from the text and indented with one space with a line space above and below.
9. Notes should be numbered serially and presented at the end of the article. Notes must contain more than a mere reference.
10. Use ‘twentieth century’, ‘1980s’. Spell out numbers from one to nine, 10 and above to remain in figures. However, for exact measurements, use only figures (3 km, 9 per cent, not %). Use thousands and millions, not lakhs and crores.
11. Use of italics and diacriticals should be minimised, but used consistently.
12. Tables and figures to be indicated by numbers separately (see Table 1), not by placement (see Table below). Present each table and figure on a separate sheet of paper, gathering them together at the end of the article. All Figures and Tables should be cited in the text. Sources for figures and tables should be mentioned irrespective of whether or not they require permissions.
13. A consolidated listing of all books, articles, essays, theses and documents referred to (including any referred to in the tables, graphs and maps) should be provided at the end of the article. Guidelines specified in the Publication Manual of Chicgo (15th edition) must be followed.

Inverted names
In each reference, authors' names are inverted (last name first) for all authors (first, second or subsequent ones); give the last name and initials for all authors of a particular work unless the work has more than six authors. If the work has more than six authors, list the first six authors and then use et al. after the sixth author's name.

Arrangement of references
Reference list entries should be alphabetized by the last name of the first author of each work.

Chronological listing
If you have more than one work by the same author(s), list them in order by the year of publication, starting with the earliest.

Sentence case
In references, follow sentence case for the titles of papers, books, articles, etc.

Title case
In references, Journal titles are put in title case.

Reference styles:

Book
Hochschild, A.R. (1983). The managed heart: Commercialization of human feeling. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

Article in an edited book
Van Maanen, J., &Kunda, G. (1989). Real feelings: Emotional expression and organizational culture. In L.L. Cummings, & B.M. Staw (Eds), Research in organizational behavior (pp. 43–103). Greenwich CT: AI Press.

Conference Proceedings
Akaike, H. (1973).Information theory and an extension of the maximum likelihood principle. Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Information Theory (pp. 267–281). Budapest, Hungary: AkademiaiKiado.

Article from the web
Hort, L., Barrett, M., &Fullop, L. (2001).Doing hard labor: Gendered emotional labor in academic management. Retrieved from www.mngt.waikato.ac.nz/ejrot/cms conference/2001/Papers/Gender/Hort

Journal Article
Harris, L.C. (2002). The emotional labor of barristers: An exploration of emotional labor by status professionals. Journal of Management Studies, 39(4), 553–584.

14. The reference to other works should be provided in the text using citations written in the author-date method.

Author-date method
Follow the author-date method of in-text citation, e.g., (Morris, 2000).

Quotes
When directly quoting from a work, include the page number in the citation.

Citation styles
One Work by One Author: (Morris, 2000)

One Work by Multiple Authors: (Morris and Feldman, 2000)

One Work by Three or More Authors: (Morris et al., 2000)

Works with No Author: Cite the first few words of the reference list entry (usually the title) and the year, for example, (‘Study Finds’, 1982).

Two or More Works by Different authors in One Citation: (Morris, 1980; Rafaeli, 1988; Sachs and Blackmore, 1998)

Two or More Works by the Same Author(s) in One Citation: (Sachs and Blackmore, 1998, 1999)

Two or More Works Published in the Same Year by the Same Author(s): (Morris, 1980a, 1980b, 1980c)

Authors with the Same Last Name: To prevent confusion, use first initials with the last names: (T.V. Rao, 2001; M.K. Rao, 1998).

Work discussed in secondary source: In the text, name the original work, and give a citation for the secondary source. For example, if Seidenberg and McClelland's work is cited in Coltheart et al. and you did not read the original work, list the Coltheart et al. reference in the References. In the text, use the following citation: In Seidenberg and McClelland's study (as cited in Coltheart, Curtis, Atkins, and Haller, 1993)....

15. Book reviews must have details like name of author/editor and book reviewed, place of publication and publisher, year of publication, number of pages and price.

Submission and Manuscript

Kardan Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (KJSSH) –The paper submitted to the Journal will undergo peer review before acceptance for publication.

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All research articles published in the Kardan Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities are fully open access: immediately freely available to read, download and share. Articles are published under the terms of a Creative Commons license which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Definition of Open Access Publication from Bethesda Statement on Open Access Publishing: An Open Access Publication [1] is one that meets the following two conditions:

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